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Forms

Form fields

A form field is made up of a form control (such as an input or textarea) with an accompanying label to explain what each field is for.

All form fields should have a label to make sure they can be understood by assistive technologies.

For styling across devices and browsers, form controls should use the .bsk-form-control class and labels .bsk-control-label. Each form field should be be wrapped in a from group to structurally separate each form field.

Form controls

Heads up! Form control elements are not yet fully styled, but will be in the next version of the Style Kit.

Inputs

Form inputs are the most common form control. Supported types are listed below and demonstrated in the form input example.

  • text
  • password
  • email

  • number

  • time
  • date
  • month
  • week

  • datetime-local

  • url
  • search
  • tel
  • color

It is a requirement of the HTML5 specification to declare a type for every form input, even if it’s just a text input. Form elements won’t be styled correctly without a supported type.

Support for newer input types such as datetime varies significantly between devices and browsers. It is still recommended use these newer types for forwards-compatibility, especially on mobile devices. See this guidance for more information.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-inputs-example-1">Text input</label>
    <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-inputs-example-1">
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-inputs-example-2">Date input</label>
    <input type="date" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-inputs-example-2">
  </fieldset>
</form>

Textareas

The height of a text area can be set using the rows attribute

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-textareas-example-1">Small textarea</label>
    <textarea class="bsk-form-control" id="form-textareas-example-1" rows="3"></textarea>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-textareas-example-2">Large textarea</label>
    <textarea class="bsk-form-control" id="form-textareas-example-2" rows="9"></textarea>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Selects

Select elements allow one option to be chosen by default, add the multiple attribute to allow more than one.

For single selects, the first option will be selected by default. Set the selected attribute on another option to change this.

Select elements have quite stubborn browser styling, such as rounded corners, which is difficult to override.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-select-example-1">Single select</label>
    <select class="bsk-form-control" id="form-select-example-1">
      <option value="1">Option 1</option>
      <option value="2" selected>Option 2</option>
      <option value="3">Option 3</option>
      <option value="4">Option 4</option>
    </select>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-select-example-2">Multiple select</label>
    <select class="bsk-form-control" id="form-select-example-2" multiple>
      <option value="1">Option 1</option>
      <option value="2">Option 2</option>
      <option value="3">Option 3</option>
      <option value="4">Option 4</option>
    </select>
  </fieldset>
</form>

File inputs

Field input elements have quite stubborn browser styling, such as rounded corners, which are difficult to override.

You can use the Drop-zone JavaScript plugin to create a ‘drag and drop’ file uploader for multiple files.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-file-example-1">File input</label>
    <input type="file" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-file-example-1">
  </fieldset>
</form>

Radio options and checkboxes

Checkboxes allow multiple options to be chosen, radio options allow only one. Use the .bsk-checkbox and .bsk-radio classes as shown to ensure proper styling.

To pre-select an option set the checked attribute.

Heads up! Radio options and checkbox elements are not yet fully styled, but will be in the next version of the Style Kit.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <div class="bsk-checkbox">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="checkbox" name="form-checkbox-example-1" id="form-checkbox-example-1-a" value="A">
          Option 1 (A)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-checkbox">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="checkbox" name="form-checkbox-example-1" id="form-checkbox-example-1-b" value="B">
          Option 1 (B)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-checkbox">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="checkbox" name="form-checkbox-example-1" id="form-checkbox-example-1-c" value="C">
          Option 1 (C)
      </label>
    </div>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <div class="bsk-radio">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="radio" name="form-radio-example-1" id="form-radio-example-1-a" value="A">
          Option 1 (A)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-radio">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="radio" name="form-radio-example-1" id="form-radio-example-1-b" value="B">
          Option 1 (B)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-radio">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="radio" name="form-radio-example-1" id="form-radio-example-1-c" value="C">
          Option 1 (C)
      </label>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Inline radio options and checkboxes

Radio options and checkboxes can be shown inline (i.e. side-by-side rather than stacked) using the .bsk-checkbox-inline and .bsk-radio-inline classes instead of the standard classes.

Heads up! Inline radio options and checkbox elements are not yet fully styled, but will be in the next version of the Style Kit.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
      <input type="checkbox" name="form-checkbox-example-2" id="form-checkbox-example-2-a" value="A">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
          Option 1 (A)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
      <input type="checkbox" name="form-checkbox-example-2" id="form-checkbox-example-2-b" value="B">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
          Option 1 (B)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
      <input type="checkbox" name="form-checkbox-example-2" id="form-checkbox-example-2-c" value="C">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
          Option 1 (C)
      </label>
    </div>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
      <input type="radio" name="form-radio-example-2" id="form-radio-example-2-a" value="A">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
          Option 2 (A)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
      <input type="radio" name="form-radio-example-2" id="form-radio-example-2-b" value="B">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
          Option 2 (B)
      </label>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
      <input type="radio" name="form-radio-example-2" id="form-radio-example-2-c" value="C">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
          Option 2 (C)
      </label>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Form buttons

Form buttons, such as the form submission button, are styled the same way as standard buttons.

<form>
  <button type="submit" class="bsk-btn bsk-btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>

Static control

Static controls can be used to represent pre-computed, or locked values within a form.

Adam Smith

john.smith@example.co.uk

<form>
  <fieldset>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-inputs-example-1">Reporter name</label>
      <p class="bsk-form-control-static" id="form-static-example-1">Adam Smith</p>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-static-example-2">Reporter email</label>
      <p class="bsk-form-control-static" id="form-static-example-2">john.smith@example.co.uk</p>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Form layouts

Form groups and fieldsets

The .bsk-form-group class is intended to wrap around an input, its label and extra elements (such as help text). It applies spacing to visually separate each input group.

Where a form field is standalone, use a <fieldset>. For a group of related controls, use <div>’s wrapped in a <fieldset> with a suitable <legend>.

Would you like a reply?

We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-group-example-1">Small textarea</label>
    <textarea class="bsk-form-control" id="form-group-example-1" rows="3"></textarea>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset>
    <legend>Would you like a reply?</legend>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-group-example-2">Your name</label>
      <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-group-example-2" placeholder="Adam Smith">
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-group-example-3">Your email address</label>
      <input type="email" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-group-example-3" placeholder="john.smith@example.co.uk">
      <p class="bsk-help-block">We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.</p>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Horizontal forms

Use the .bsk-form-horizontal class to display labels and controls side-by-side using grid system. Ensure all labels use the .bsk-control-label class for best results.

When using a <fieldset> with a <legend>, apply the .bsk-form-group class to an inner <div> to prevent the <legend> from appearing to overflow horizontally.

Select one or more options
Would you like a reply?

We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.

<form class="bsk-form-horizontal">
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label bsk-col-md-2" for="form-horizontal-example-1">Small textarea</label>
    <div class="bsk-col-md-10">
      <textarea class="bsk-form-control" id="form-horizontal-example-1" rows="3"></textarea>
    </div>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset>
    <legend>Select one or more options</legend>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <div class="bsk-col-md-10 bsk-offset-md-2">
        <div class="bsk-checkbox">
          <label>
            <input type="checkbox" name="form-horizontal-example-2" id="form-horizontal-example-2-a" value="A">
              Option 1 (A)
          </label>
        </div><!-- / .checkbox -->
        <div class="bsk-checkbox">
          <label>
            <input type="checkbox" name="form-horizontal-example-2" id="form-horizontal-example-2-b" value="B">
              Option 1 (B)
          </label>
        </div><!-- / .checkbox -->
        <div class="bsk-checkbox">
          <label>
            <input type="checkbox" name="form-horizontal-example-2" id="form-horizontal-example-2-c" value="C">
              Option 1 (C)
          </label>
        </div><!-- / .checkbox -->
      </div><!-- / .col-md-10 .col-md-offset-2 -->
    </div><!-- / .form-group -->
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <div class="bsk-col-md-10 bsk-offset-md-2">
      <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
        <input type="checkbox" name="form-horizontal-example-3" id="form-horizontal-example-3-a" value="A">
        <label>
            Option 2 (A)
        </label>
      </div><!-- / .checkbox-inline -->
      <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
        <input type="checkbox" name="form-horizontal-example-3" id="form-horizontal-example-3-b" value="B">
        <label>
            Option 2 (B)
        </label>
      </div><!-- / .checkbox-inline -->
      <div class="bsk-form-check bsk-form-check-inline">
        <input type="checkbox" name="form-horizontal-example-3" id="form-horizontal-example-3-c" value="C">
        <label>
            Option 2 (C)
        </label>
      </div><!-- / .checkbox-inline -->
    </div><!-- / .col-md-10 .col-md-offset-2 -->
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset>
    <legend>Would you like a reply?</legend>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label bsk-col-md-2" for="form-horizontal-example-3">Your name</label>
      <div class="bsk-col-md-10">
        <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-horizontal-example-3" placeholder="John Smith">
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label bsk-col-md-2" for="form-horizontal-example-4">Your email address</label>
      <div class="bsk-col-md-10">
        <input type="email" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-horizontal-example-4" placeholder="john.smith@example.co.uk">
        <p class="bsk-help-block">We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Inline forms

Use the classes in the example to display labels and controls in a single horizontal row.

Some manual sizing may be needed for inline forms, ensure thorough testing at a range of grid sizes.

On small devices (smaller than 768 pixels) form fields will always stack.

Visible labels

Remember Me 
<form>
  <div class="bsk-row mb-3">
    <label class="bsk-col-auto bsk-col-form-label" for="form-inline-example-1a">Username</label>
    <div class="bsk-col-md-2 bsk-p-0">
      <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-inline-example-1a" placeholder="john.smith@example.co.uk">
    </div>
    <label class="bsk-col-auto bsk-col-form-label" for="form-inline-example-2a">Password</label>
    <div class="bsk-col-md-2 bsk-p-0">
      <input type="password" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-inline-example-2a">
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-col-auto">
      <input type="checkbox" name="form-inline-example-3a" id="form-inline-example-3a" value="1" checked>
        Remember Me
      <button type="submit" class="bsk-btn bsk-btn-default">Login</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</form>

Invisible labels

It is strongly recommended to include visible labels for each form field (the placeholder attribute is not universally supported yet for example).

Where labels are hidden, the .bsk-visually-hidden class should always be used to ensure assistive technologies can understand forms. Alternatively, you can use the aria-label, aria-labelledby or title attributes.

Labels should always be visible for checkboxes and radio options, to indicate what they do.

Remember Me 
<form class="bsk-row bsk-align-items-center">
  <div class="bsk-col-3">
    <label class="bsk-visually-hidden" for="form-inline-example-1b">Username</label>
    <div class="bsk-col-sm-12 bsk-ps-0 bsk-pe-0">
      <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-inline-example-1b" placeholder="john.smith@example.co.uk">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="bsk-col-3">
    <label class="bsk-visually-hidden" for="form-inline-example-2b">Password</label>
    <div class="bsk-col-sm-12 bsk-ps-0 bsk-pe-0">
      <input type="password" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-inline-example-2b" placeholder="********">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="bsk-col-auto">
    <input type="checkbox" name="form-inline-example-3b" id="form-inline-example-3b" value="1" checked>
      Remember Me
    <button type="submit" class="bsk-btn bsk-btn-default">Login</button>
  </div>
</form>

Form sizing

Width

The width of each form field, control or label can all be controlled using the grid system, as demonstrated by the horizontal form layout.

Don’t apply grid classes directly to form controls, instead wrap them in a <div> element.

Make sure to use .control-label to ensure all labels are virtually aligned.

<form>
  <div class="bsk-row">
    <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-col-md-3">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-sizing-example-1b">Text input</label>
      <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-sizing-example-1">
    </fieldset>
  </div>
  <div class="bsk-row">
    <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-col-md-6">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-sizing-example-2">An extra long label for a text input for this demo</label>
      <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-sizing-example-2">
    </fieldset>
  </div>
  <div class="bsk-row">
    <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-col-md-12">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-sizing-example-3">Text input</label>
      <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-sizing-example-3">
    </fieldset>
  </div>
</form>

Form control sizing

Add one of these classes to alter the size of a form control:

Form Control Size Form Control Size Class
Large form field .bsk-form-group-lg
Small form field .bsk-form-group-sm 
<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-form-group-lg">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-sizing-example-4">Large text input</label>
    <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-sizing-example-4">
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-sizing-example-4">Default text input</label>
    <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-sizing-example-4">
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-form-group-sm">
    <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-sizing-example-4">Small text input</label>
    <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-sizing-example-4">
  </fieldset>
</form>

Element states

Disabled state

Use the disabled attribute to mark a form field as disabled. This will prevent interaction, change the cursor to ‘not-allowed’, and alter the field’s appearance. In most browsers, setting the disabled attribute on a <fieldset> will disable all of the fields it contains.

It is not safe to rely on this state to prevent users activating disabled actions

Browsers may not enforce these properties, or users may trivially edit the DOM. Server side protections must be used for dangerous actions.

Not all browsers fully support setting the disabled attribute on a <fieldset>. To work around this, either apply the disabled attribute on form fields directly, or use JavaScript to disable them.

Links, including links styled as buttons, within disabled fieldsets may not be enforced by all browsers. To work around this, either apply the disabled attribute on links directly, or use JavaScript to disable them.

<form>
  <fieldset disabled>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-disabled-example-1">Disabled text field</label>
      <input type="text" id="form-disabled-example-1" class="bsk-form-control">
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-disabled-example-2">Disabled select menu</label>
      <select id="form-disabled-example-2" class="bsk-form-control bsk-form-select">
        <option>Disabled select menu</option>
      </select>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-checkbox">
      <label class="bsk-control-label">
        <input type="checkbox"> Disabled checkbox
      </label>
    </div>
    <button type="submit" class="bsk-btn bsk-btn-primary">Disabled Submit</button>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Readonly state

Use the readonly attribute to some form fields as read-only. This will prevent interaction and alter the field’s appearance, but won’t change the cursor.

Not all form elements support this value

    Exceptions include:

  • Form inputs with a type of:
    • hidden
    • color
    • checkbox
    • radio
    • file
  • selects
  • buttons
<form>
  <fieldset>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-readonly-example-1">Readonly text field</label>
      <input type="text" id="form-readonly-example-1" class="bsk-form-control" readonly>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-readonly-example-1">Readonly textarea</label>
      <textarea id="form-readonly-example-2" class="bsk-form-control" readonly></textarea>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Help text

Add context or other guidance to form fields, or more generally to sections of a form, using a combination of .bsk-help-block.

Where help text relates to a specific form field, the aria-describedby attribute should be used to inform assistive technologies, such as screen readers.

Would you like a reply?

If you would like a reply, please enter your contact details, we may not reply straight away.

Please enter your name as you would expect in a reply (e.g. Mr. A Smith).

We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.

<form>
  <fieldset>
    <legend>Would you like a reply?</legend>
    <p class="bsk-help-block">If you would like a reply, please enter your contact details,
  we may not reply straight away.</p>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
        <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-help-example-1">Your name</label>
        <input type="text" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-help-example-1" placeholder="Adam Smith" aria-describedby="form-help-example-1-help">
        <p id="form-help-example-1-help" class="bsk-help-block">
          Please enter your name as you would expect in a reply (e.g. Mr. A Smith).
        </p>
    </div>
    <div class="bsk-form-group">
        <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-help-example-2">Your email address</label>
        <input type="email" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-help-example-2" placeholder="john.smith@example.co.uk">
        <p class="bsk-help-block">We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.</p>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Validation

The Style Kit includes validation classes, based on the standard contextual colours. Apply to the parent of form fields, such as .bsk-form-group, for best effect.

Heads up! The Style Kit used to include a warning validation state. This has been removed and should not be used.

standard contextual icons can be used alongside validation messages.

Validation State Validation Class Associated Standard Context
Valid .bsk-has-success Success
Invalid .bsk-has-error Danger

We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.

We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.

john.smith, is not a valid email address.

<form>
  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-has-success">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-validation-example-1">Your email address</label>
      <input type="email" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-validation-example-1" value="john.smith@example.co.uk">
      <p class="bsk-help-block">
        We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.
      </p>
  </fieldset>

  <fieldset class="bsk-form-group bsk-has-error">
      <label class="bsk-control-label" for="form-validation-example-3">Your email address</label>
      <input type="email" class="bsk-form-control" id="form-validation-example-3" value="john.smith" aria-invalid="true">
      <p class="bsk-help-block">We will only use this information for contacting you about your feedback.</p>
      <p class="bsk-help-block"><i class="fas fa-fw fa-exclamation-circle" aria-hidden="true"></i> <em>john.smith</em>,
      is not a valid email address.</p>
  </fieldset>
</form>

Examples

See the form examples for more examples of forms.